WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS

 

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION


 

Introduction

While the connection we get on our phones aren't completely wireless, its a mixture of both wired and wireless connection how we get mobile data or wifi in our computers and mobile devices. For wifi strong optic fibres are laid down in oceans to connect different countries. The real wireless communication would be through the medium of air. These communication contraptions require no cables or wires and employ different electromagnetic signals which are contingent on their wavelength/frequency.  While there are multiple devices to support this, there are some restrictions for the wellbeing. 

Wireless Communication by Air Medium 




Wireless communication through the air, often referred to as radio communication, was pioneered by several inventors and scientists over the years. One of the key figures in the development of wireless communication is Guglielmo Marconi. Marconi is often credited with the invention of the practical radio system and for making significant contributions to the field of wireless telegraphy.

To know more, we need to understand the difference between Simplex, Half Duplex, and full Duplex mode of communicatation.

1) Simplex - This is a one way communication, data can be passed in one direction only.
2) Half-Duplex - This is a two way communication , but data can be communicated in one direction at a time only.
3) Full Duplex - Modern devices experiences this where two way communication is possible in real time, both communicators can pass on data/speak at the same time.

Walkie Talkie a hand held device

Walkie Talkie a popular hand held device found to be used by the police and other people is a popular Half-Duplex communicating device. i.e Only one person can speak at a time before another starts speaking.
 In India, the allocation of radio frequency bands is managed by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) under the Ministry of Communications. The spectrum is a valuable and limited resource, and its allocation is carefully planned to ensure efficient use and avoid interference between different users.
As said before, each device required to operate under a fixed frequency plan, of which has been listed below.


National Frequency Allocation Plan



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My personal mobile operates under these 4G bands






The Amateur Radio 

Amateur radio, also known as ham radio, in India is a popular hobby and communication platform for enthusiasts to experiment, learn about radio technology, and engage in global communication. Operated under the regulations of the Wireless Planning and Coordination (WPC) wing of the Ministry of Communications, amateur radio operators in India are granted licenses after passing proficiency exams. They are allocated specific frequency bands for various purposes, including voice communication, Morse code transmission, data modes, and satellite communication. These bands range across the HF (High Frequency), VHF (Very High Frequency), and UHF (Ultra High Frequency) spectrums. Ham radio operators play a vital role in emergencies, providing backup communication when traditional systems fail. They contribute to disaster relief efforts, public service events, and international goodwill through their communication skills and technical expertise.

The Amateur Radio Society of India (ARSI) is a non-profit public service organization, and is registered under the Indian Societies Registration Act.ARSI is the IARU recognized national association for amateur radio operators in India and it represents Indian amateur radio interests in various international forums. Ramesh Kumar, VU2LU is the current President of ARSI. He was elected at the ARSI AGM held in Bangalore on 24th October 2021.

A ham radio operator can carry on experiments with various communication equipment and systems going deeper into the science of electronics (Learning by Doing) and at the same time provide great service to the people in general worldwide by way of organizing on-the-air emergency medical traffic, establishing emergency communication network during natural calamities like flood, cyclone, storm, earthquake or any other disaster. Amateur Radio stations act as the ‘SECOND LINE’ of communication when existing public or government communication links fail to act. life-saving facet of amateur radio was demonstrated in India with valuable public service activities during a Post & Telegraph Strike in 1960, when radio amateurs passed important messages for the public.


Conclusion

There are regulations monitoring the communication from air, the airspace on your terrace upto a certain height belongs to you for use, while the rest is governed by the government and DoT department for telecommunication. Wireless communication can be observed in many devices and have truly connected the world together. Thank you for spending time reading my blog. 

Resources used

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkie-talkie
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_in_India
https://www.daytranslations.com/blog/india-wireless-communication/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_interface
https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5134/7/1/18
https://www.devicespecifications.com/en/model/7c545726
https://www.mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/2022-12/COMMUNICATIONSTANDARDS_25102022_2%5B1%5D.pdf
https://cenjows.in/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Re-Spectrum-Allocation_Refiesign-by-Brig-Navjot-Singh.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_WLAN_channels
https://vigyanprasar.gov.in/science-communication-programs/ham-radio/

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